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KMID : 1161420140170020198
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Journal of Medicinal Food
2014 Volume.17 No. 2 p.198 ~ p.205
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Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid Suppress Th2 Cytokine Expression in RBL-2H3 Basophilic Leukemia Cells
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Jin Mi-Rim
Park Sun-Young
Park Bo-Kyung
Choi Jeong-June
Yoon Soo-Jeong
Yang Mi-Hi
Pyo Myoung-Yun
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Abstract
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It is known that the intake of omega-3 fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), is beneficial for preventing and/or treating allergic diseases. The pathogenesis of allergic diseases is associated with overactivation of Th2-skewed immunity. Basophils generate large amounts of Th2 cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13, which are critically involved in allergic inflammation. We investigated how EPA and DHA affect Th2 cytokine expression in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate- and ionomycin (PI)-activated RBL-2H3 basophilic leukemia cells. EPA and DHA induced a dramatic decrease in the production of IL-4 and IL-13 and their transcription in a dose-dependent manner. Luciferase assays of RBL-2H3 cells stably expressing Il4 and Il13 promoter?reporter plasmids demonstrated a significant suppression of PI-induced promoter activation. Analysis of certain transcription factors revealed that nuclear expression of c-Fos and the mRNA expression were suppressed by EPA and DHA. Furthermore, they significantly inhibited the nuclear expression and translocation of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NF-AT)1. In contrast, the expression levels of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), GATA-binding proteins (GATAs), and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) were not significantly affected by EPA and DHA. Phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related kinase was inhibited by EPA and DHA, and phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase was decreased by DHA, but not by EPA. Taken together, our data suggest that EPA and DHA may suppress Th2-skewed allergic immune responses by inhibiting the expression of basophilic IL-4 and IL-13.
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KEYWORD
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docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, IL-4, IL-13, RBL-2H3 basophilic leukemia cells
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